@article {4744,
	title = {Nutritional and herbal supplements for anxiety and anxiety-related disorders: systematic review},
	journal = {Nutrition Journal},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2010},
	month = {10/2010},
	chapter = {42},
	abstract = {[Provisional] 
Background
Over the past several decades, complementary and alternative medications have increasingly become a part of everyday treatment. With the rising cost of prescription medications and their production of unwanted side effects, patients are exploring herbal and other natural remedies for the management and treatment of psychological conditions. Psychological disorders are one of the most frequent conditions seen by clinicians, and often require a long-term regimen of prescription medications. Approximately 6.8 million Americans suffer from generalized anxiety disorder. Many also suffer from the spectrum of behavioural and physical side effects that often accompany its treatment. It is not surprising that there is universal interest in finding effective natural anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) treatments with a lower risk of adverse effects or withdrawal.

Methods
An electronic and manual search was performed through MEDLINE/PubMed and EBSCO. Articles were not discriminated by date of publication. Available clinical studies published in English that used human participants and examined the anxiolytic potential of dietary and herbal supplements were included. Data were extracted and compiled into tables that included the study design, sample population, intervention, control, length of treatment, outcomes, direction of evidence, and reported adverse events.

Results
A total of 24 studies that investigated five different CAM monotherapies and eight different combination treatments and involved 2619 participants met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. There were 21 randomized controlled trials and three open-label, uncontrolled observational studies. Most studies involved patients who had been diagnosed with either an anxiety disorder or depression (n = 1786). However, eight studies used healthy volunteers (n = 877) who had normal levels of anxiety, were undergoing surgery, tested at the upper limit of the normal range of a trait anxiety scale, had adverse premenstrual symptoms or were peri-menopausal, reported anxiety and insomnia, or had one month or more of elevated generalized anxiety. Heterogeneity and the small number of studies for each supplement or combination therapy prevented a formal meta-analysis. Of the randomized controlled trials reviewed, 71\% (15 out of 21) showed a positive direction of evidence. Any reported side effects were mild to moderate.

Conclusions
Based on the available evidence, it appears that nutritional and herbal supplementation is an effective method for treating anxiety and anxiety-related conditions without the risk of serious side effects. There is the possibility that any positive effects seen could be due to a placebo effect, which may have a significant psychological impact on participants with mental disorders. However, based on this systematic review, strong evidence exists for the use of herbal supplements containing extracts of passionflower or kava and combinations of L-lysine and L-arginine as treatments for anxiety symptoms and disorders. Magnesium-containing supplements and other herbal combinations may hold promise, but more research is needed before these products can be recommended to patients. St. John{\textquoteright}s wort monotherapy has insufficient evidence for use as an effective anxiolytic treatment.},
	doi = {10.1186/1475-2891-9-42},
	url = {http://www.nutritionj.com/content/9/1/42},
	author = {Lakhan, S.E. and Vieira, K.F.}
}
@article {4728,
	title = {The Ingredients of Magic Medicines},
	journal = {Africa: Journal of the International African Institute},
	volume = {19},
	year = {1949},
	pages = {20},
	publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
	edition = {1},
	address = {Edinburgh},
	url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1156261},
	author = {Cory, H.}
}
@article {4727,
	title = {Herbal practice is a call to serve humanity - Awoonor},
	year = {2010},
	month = {10/2010},
	url = {http://www.newtimes.com.gh/story/2446},
	author = {Kumah, M.R.}
}
@article {4726,
	title = {The Regulation of Herbal Medicine in the UK and Europe. An Interview with Michael McIntyre - Chair of EHPA},
	journal = {Chinese Medicine Times},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2006},
	month = {10/2006},
	url = {http://www.attiliodalberto.com/articles/The\%20Regulation\%20of\%20Herbal\%20Medicine\%20in\%20the\%20UK\%20and\%20Europe.pdf},
	author = {D{\textquoteright}Alberto, A and Kim, A.}
}
@booklet {4588,
	title = {[KP] Personal Research/Observation},
	year = {2010},
	author = {Patmore, K.M.}
}
@article {4169,
	title = {[103] Effect of spearmint (Mentha spicata Labiatae) teas on androgen levels in women with hirsutism.},
	journal = {Phytotherapy Research},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2007},
	month = {05/2007},
	chapter = {444},
	url = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/114124091/abstract},
	author = {Akdo{\u g}an, M. and Tamer, M.N. and C{\"u}re, E. and C{\"u}re, M.C. and K{\"o}ro{\u g}lu, B.K. and Deliba{\c s}, N.}
}
@article {4165,
	title = {[104] Spearmint herbal tea has significant anti-androgen effects in polycystic ovarian syndrome. A randomized controlled trial.},
	journal = {Phytotherapy Research},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2010},
	month = {02/2010},
	chapter = {186},
	url = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122473174/abstract},
	author = {Grant, P.}
}
@inbook {3036,
	title = {[105] NGP: Chapter 1},
	booktitle = {New Green Pharmacy: The Story of Western Herbal Medicine},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {Vermilion},
	organization = {Vermilion},
	chapter = {Chaper 1: The Medicine of Mankind},
	isbn = {0091814618},
	author = {Griggs, B.}
}
@article {2689,
	title = {[102] The Pharmacology of Mithridatum: A 2000-Year-Old Remedy},
	journal = {Molecular Interventions},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2006},
	month = {04/2006},
	chapter = {60},
	url = {http://triggered.edina.clockss.org/ServeContent?rft_id=info:doi/10.1124/mi.6.2.1},
	author = {Norton, S.}
}
@article {4,
	title = {[100] Medicinal plants in a Middle Paleolithic grave Shanidar IV?},
	journal = {Journal of Ethnopharmacology},
	volume = {35},
	year = {1991},
	month = {01/1992},
	chapter = {263},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1548898},
	author = {Lietava, J.}
}
@book {3,
	title = {[101] New Green Pharmacy: The Story of Western Herbal Medicine},
	year = {1997},
	note = {See individual chapter entries for keyword references.},
	pages = {434},
	publisher = {Vermilion},
	organization = {Vermilion},
	address = {London},
	keywords = {NGP},
	isbn = {0091814618},
	url = {http://www.amazon.co.uk/New-Green-Pharmacy-Western-Medicine/dp/0091814618},
	author = {Griggs, B.}
}
